AOSP-预置APP历险记

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Android 系统预置 APP 是做 Framework 应用开发经常经常会遇到的工作，预置 APP 分为两种，一种是直接预置 APK，一种是预置带有源码的 APP。

源码形式内置

我这边编译时，lunch选择的版本是sdk_car的版本，所以下面以内置android_car app的形式进行讲解。

image

car目录内就是android_car源码内置app的目录。其余目录为手机版内置app的源码包。

第一步：创建APP源码根目录

进入/aosp/packages/app/car下创建DemoApp目录

image

第二步：APP根目录下创建Android.bp配置文件

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android_app {
    //应用名
    name: "DemoApp",
    manifest: "AndroidManifest.xml",
    //源码目录
    srcs: [
        "src/**/*.java",
    ],
    //res目录
    resource_dirs: [
        "res",
    ],
    //静态库
    static_libs: [
        "androidx.appcompat_appcompat",
        "com.google.android.material_material",
        "androidx-constraintlayout_constraintlayout",
    ],

    //签名类型
    // certificate 用于指定APK的签名方式。如果不指定，默认使用testkey签名
    // testkey：普通APK，默认使用该签名。
    // platform：该APK完成一些系统的核心功能。经过对系统中存在的文件夹的访问测试
    // shared：该APK需要和home/contacts进程共享数据。
    // media：该APK是media/download系统中的一环。
    certificate: "platform",

    // 设定apk安装路径为priv-app
    privileged: true,

    sdk_version: "system_current",
    min_sdk_version: "28",
    target_sdk_version: "28",

    optimize: {
        enabled: false,
    },

    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },

}

第三部：根据上面的配置拷贝并放置对应目录及文件

image

注意

AndroidManifest.xml根节点要加上package属性标明包名称，要不然编译会报错。

第四部：配置Product

这个配置决定了应用是否能够正常显示到launcher里。

aosp下找到该路径下/aosp/build/target/product/handheld_product.mk文件

在PRODUCT_PACKAGES下增加 DemoApp\，如下：

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# This makefile contains the product partition contents for
# a generic phone or tablet device. Only add something here if
# it definitely doesn't belong on other types of devices (if it
# does, use base_product.mk).
$(call inherit-product, $(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/product/media_product.mk)

# /product packages
PRODUCT_PACKAGES += \
    Browser2 \
    Calendar \
    Camera2 \
    Contacts \
    DeskClock \
    Gallery2 \
    LatinIME \
    Music \
    OneTimeInitializer \
    preinstalled-packages-platform-handheld-product.xml \
    QuickSearchBox \
    SettingsIntelligence \
    DemoApp\
    frameworks-base-overlays

PRODUCT_PACKAGES_DEBUG += \
    frameworks-base-overlays-debug

第五步：编译

在aosp主目录下初始化环境

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source build/envsetup.sh

然后进入自定义的app目录下/packages/app/Car/DemoApp执行模块编译

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mm

编译完成后，回到aosp主目录，执行

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lunch sdk_car_x86_64-userdebug

然后整体编译

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make -j4

编译完成后，启动模拟器

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emulator

即可看到新增的app

image

APK预置

第一步：创建APK放置的目录

进入/aosp/packages/app/car下，创建TestApk.apk放置的目录TestApp，将apk放置于该目录下，并创建Android.bp配置文件。

image

第二步：配置Android.bp如下

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android_app_import {
    name: "TestApk",
    //使用原签名
    presigned: true,
    //安装到system/pri-app下
    privileged: true,
    //指定apk文件
    apk:"TestApk.apk",
    
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },

}

第三步：配置product

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# This makefile contains the product partition contents for
# a generic phone or tablet device. Only add something here if
# it definitely doesn't belong on other types of devices (if it
# does, use base_product.mk).
$(call inherit-product, $(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/product/media_product.mk)

# /product packages
PRODUCT_PACKAGES += \
    Browser2 \
    Calendar \
    Camera2 \
    Contacts \
    DeskClock \
    Gallery2 \
    LatinIME \
    Music \
    OneTimeInitializer \
    preinstalled-packages-platform-handheld-product.xml \
    QuickSearchBox \
    SettingsIntelligence \
    DemoApp\
    TestApk\
    frameworks-base-overlays

PRODUCT_PACKAGES_DEBUG += \
    frameworks-base-overlays-debug

第四步：编译

在aosp主目录下初始化环境

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source build/envsetup.sh

然后进入自定义的app目录下/packages/app/Car/TestApk执行模块编译

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mm

编译完成后，回到aosp主目录，执行

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lunch sdk_car_x86_64-userdebug

然后整体编译

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make -j4

编译完成后，启动模拟器

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emulator

即可看到新增的app

遇到的错误

在Android 12 S上预制apk时候发现有编译不过情况，报artifact_path_requirements相关错误

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build/make/core/artifact_path_requirements.mk:26: warning:  build/make/target/product/sdk_car_x86_64.mk produces files inside build/make/target/product/generic_system.mks artifact path requirement. 
Offending entries:
system/pri-app/TestApk/TestApk.apk
In file included from build/make/core/main.mk:1383:
build/make/core/artifact_path_requirements.mk:26: error: Build failed.
00:42:13 ckati failed with: exit status 1

因为新版本artifact_path_requirements有对预装相关东西进行了规则检测，发现system/pri-app/TestApk/TestApk.apk这种预制到system/pri-app的情况属于违规了。
那么具体怎么解决呢？

通过在github寻找到了一些第三方rom维护者也有遇到类似问题，参考他们解决方案，修改如下：

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# ......
# and in with the new
    local prebuiltdir=$(getprebuilt)
    local gccprebuiltdir=$(get_abs_build_var ANDROID_GCC_PREBUILTS)

    # defined in core/config.mk
    local targetgccversion=$(get_build_var TARGET_GCC_VERSION)
    local targetgccversion2=$(get_build_var 2ND_TARGET_GCC_VERSION)
    export TARGET_GCC_VERSION=$targetgccversion
    
    # 此处增加配置
    export DISABLE_ARTIFACT_PATH_REQUIREMENTS="true"

    # The gcc toolchain does not exists for windows/cygwin. In this case, do not reference it.
    export ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=
    export ANDROID_TOOLCHAIN_2ND_ARCH=
    local ARCH=$(get_build_var TARGET_ARCH)
    local toolchaindir toolchaindir2=
# ......

即build/envsetup.sh 加上export DISABLE_ARTIFACT_PATH_REQUIREMENTS="true"就可以顺利编译通过不再报artifact_path_requirements错误，这里其实就相当于把新版本编译系统中artifact_path_requirements检测关闭就可以

关于预置配置

签名

自签名

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android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    system_ext_specific: true,
    presigned: true,
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}

系统签名

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# system signal
android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    system_ext_specific: true,
    certificate: "platform",
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}

集成位置

system/app

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android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    presigned: true,
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}

system_ext/app

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android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    system_ext_specific: true,
    presigned: true,
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}

system/pri-app

必须声明在permission白名单内。
aosp路径：frameworks/base/data/etc/privapp-permissions-platform.xml
手机路径：system/etc/permission/privapp-permission-platform.xml

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android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    privileged: true,
    presigned: true,
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}

product/app

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android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    product_specific: true,
    presigned: true,
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}

vendor/app

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android_app_import {
    name: "SogouInput",
    proprietary: true,
    presigned: true,
    dex_preopt: {
        enabled: false,
    },
    apk: "SogouInput_android_oem_baoneng.apk",
}